VoIP Call Quality: Jitter, Packet Loss and MOS Explained With 3 Targets
The three numbers that decide VoIP call quality (delay, jitter and packet loss), the targets to aim for, how MOS and R-factor are derived, and a repeatable way to measure a connection before and after changes.
September 30, 2026
Set up Windows LAPS on Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11
Extend the schema for Windows LAPS, delegate password permissions on the OU, configure the policy with Group Policy, and retrieve or rotate local administrator passwords with Get-LapsADPassword on Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11.
September 29, 2026
Set up a site-to-site WireGuard VPN between pfSense and OPNsense
Build a routed site-to-site WireGuard tunnel between a pfSense CE 2.9 firewall and an OPNsense 26.7 firewall, including key exchange, allowed IPs, interface assignment, static routes, firewall rules and a handshake check.
September 29, 2026
Install OPNsense 26.7 and set up basic firewall and NAT rules
Install OPNsense 26.7 from the DVD or VGA image, assign WAN and LAN, complete the setup wizard, then build sane firewall rules, an outbound NAT policy and a port forward, and verify the result from both sides of the firewall.
September 29, 2026
Install pfSense CE 2.9 step by step with the network installer and ZFS
Walk through the pfSense CE 2.9.0 network installer from boot media to first WebGUI login, choosing WAN and LAN interfaces, ZFS on GPT, the stable branch and the advanced options that matter for a production firewall.
September 29, 2026
Install and promote a Windows Server 2025 domain controller step by step
Prepare a Windows Server 2025 machine, extend the schema, promote it as an additional or first domain controller with PowerShell, and confirm it advertises, replicates and serves DNS before you move clients to it.
September 29, 2026
WSUS Windows Server 2025: Reliable Install and Configuration
Stand up Windows Server Update Services on Windows Server 2025 with the WID or SQL database, choose products and classifications, point clients at it through Group Policy, approve updates by computer group and keep the content store from filling the disk.
September 29, 2026
pfSense HAProxy with Let’s Encrypt: Reverse Proxy Setup
Publish several internal web applications behind one public IP on pfSense CE 2.9 using the HAProxy package for SNI-based routing and the ACME package for automatic Let's Encrypt certificates, with verification and renewal checks.
September 29, 2026
DFS Namespaces and Replication: Reliable File Server Setup
Build a domain-based DFS namespace on Windows Server 2025 so users reach shares through one path, add a second file server with DFS Replication for redundancy or branch access, size the staging quota, and monitor backlog so replication never silently stalls.
September 29, 2026
Intune Win32 App Deployment: Reliable Packaging and Detection
Package an installer into a .intunewin file with IntuneWinAppUtil, define install and uninstall commands, write detection rules that actually work, and troubleshoot with the IntuneManagementExtension log.
September 29, 2026
Cloudflare Tunnel (cloudflared): expose an internal service without opening ports
Install cloudflared on a Linux host, create a named tunnel, publish an internal web service on a public hostname with no inbound firewall rules, run it as a systemd service, add Cloudflare Access in front, and verify connectivity.
September 29, 2026
Replace CSF with firewalld and fail2ban: Secure Step-by-Step
A complete walkthrough for removing CSF and LFD from an AlmaLinux 9 or 10 server and rebuilding the same protection with firewalld zones and fail2ban jails for SSH, mail, FTP and panel logins, including verification and rollback.
September 29, 2026